Citrus greening disease cost Florida orange growers $331 million annually from 2006 through 2011, according to a recent study released by University of Florida agricultural economists Thomas Spreen and Alan Hodges.

That’s a $1.66 billion hit to the industry for the five years.

Total economic impact of the disease, including indirect effects, was $4.54 billion, or $908 million annually, over those five years.

Spreen and Hodges say 8,257 jobs were lost in Florida due to greening during that period.

The study did not look at the impact of greening on Florida’s fresh fruit industry.