Paraquat is not a systemic herbicide; it does not translocate when spray droplets hit plant surfaces. The result is a quick, contact burn that desiccates plant tissues within 2 to 3 days. Paraquat usually provides a fast kill but does not control regrowth and growing points deep inside the canopy. Therefore, it works better on short vegetation and sporadic weeds. If a field is covered with a thick cover crop and winter weeds that exceed 1 to 2 feet, paraquat is not a good burndown option and significant regrowth should be expected after application.

Light intensity is very important for paraquat efficacy. The sunnier the better.

Coverage is critical. Use at least 15 gallon per acre water and a surfactant such as crop oil, methylated seed oil and 3 lb/A of AMS to increase efficacy. Higher spray volumes -- 20 GPA --may be needed on dense vegetation. Sprayer speeds should be less than 10 MPH for maximum coverage.

Coarse droplets offer a balance between surface coverage and canopy penetration. Addition of drift reducing agents may increase canopy penetration and improve control efficacy in thick vegetation.

A follow-up application may be required before planting to clean up any regrowth and plants that survived the initial treatment.

Tank mixing paraquat with 2,4-D or a PPO herbicide such as Valor, Reviton or Sharpen is feasible to increase broadleaf control efficacy. However, pay attention to mixing sequence as prescribed on product labels to minimize compatibility issues.

Clethodim is not a good option to terminate large cereal grain and ryegrass. Tank mixtures with paraquat are required to ensure efficacy.