August 26, 2024
By Justin Evertson
How do I plan out a more native plant design and structure for our home landscape around our farm?
What a great question! In my opinion, using more native plants in our home landscapes, whether on the farm or in town, is a great way to embrace and reflect the spirit of Nebraska and the surrounding Great Plains. Native plants can bring along a visual kaleidoscope of textures and colors that provide year-round interest, from the lavenders of the dainty pasqueflower blooms in early spring to the wine-stained stems of taller prairie grasses in the fall and winter. What’s not to like about that?
Native habitat
Another important aspect of native plants is that they help provide habitat for many important insects, which help sustain broader biodiversity. Insects are especially important in feeding birds, which in turn do their part to help control unwanted insect pests, including those that are attracted to our vegetable gardens. Add to that the fact that most of our native plants are both drought tolerant and cold tolerant, and it sure seems like a no-brainer to plant more of them around the home and elsewhere on the farm.
Here are five tips for planning the use of more native plants in the landscape:
Don’t be a purist. When starting out, don’t try to be a purist. It’s OK to use regionally native plants that may not technically be native to your specific section of land. “Blond Ambition” blue grama, for example, derives from Minnesota, but it is strikingly attractive and right at home across Nebraska. Also, well-behaved non-native plants are still OK. Some of our most colorful, reliable and pollinator-friendly plants are non-natives such as sedum, catmint, yarrow and hosta.
Do your homework. Take some time to study the best native plants for your area. Some of my favorites include little bluestem, prairie dropseed, sideoats grama, shell-leaf penstemon, pale purple coneflower, baptisia, brown-eyed Susans, common yarrow, aromatic aster, dotted gayfeather and stiff goldenrod, to name just a few. There are literally dozens of species to choose from, which is part of the fun.
ALL SEASON LONG: Many native prairie plants, such as these black-eyed Susans, will not only flourish in all kinds of conditions but also will bloom all season long.
Humble beginnings. Start small and expand over time. Perhaps experiment with a small section of the yard to figure out what plants do best for you, and then expand outward over time. It also would be wise to work with a local landscape professional who knows native plants and how to best arrange them. Also, be aware that native landscape plants are not always readily available at local nurseries. Be patient in tracking them down.
Location, location. Be aware that tall prairie species including grasses such as big bluestem, Indiangrass and switchgrass, as well as many tall forbs, can be floppy in a perennial garden and are better used in larger and more naturalistic prairie borders and patches, where they can help hold each other upright. Also, remember that the native prairie occasionally catches on fire in hot, dry and windy conditions. As such, it would be best to place naturalistic prairie patches some distance from your home or other important structures if wildfire is a possibility (which is a growing concern across the state).
Trees and shrubs. Don’t forget about native trees and shrubs such as bur oak, chinkapin oak, dwarf chinkapin oak, black cherry, hackberry, linden, sycamore and Ponderosa pine, to name just a few. Hardy Great Plains native trees and shrubs help take up space and are critical to providing shade, enclosure and wind protection. Is there anything more picturesque than a well-cared-for farmstead flanked by protective trees and shrubs?
By all means, use more native plants in the home landscape. That is a very good thing to do. Along these lines, don’t be afraid to embrace a new landscape aesthetic that is based less on uniformity and tidiness and more on ecology and conservation. Our prairies are very dynamic and have some rough edges, and we can embrace some of that in our own home landscape. To learn more about native plants and where to purchase them, you can visit the Nebraska Statewide Arboretum and peruse its very informative website at plantnebraska.org.
Evertson is the green infrastructure coordinator at the Nebraska Statewide Arboretum.
Please email your farmstead landscaping, turf, forestry or gardening questions to [email protected].
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